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Chapter 27: Problem 2

Basal metabolic rate A. is not influenced by energy intake. B. increases in response to starvation. C. may decrease up to \(50 \%\) during periods of starvation. D. increases in direct proportion to daily energy expenditure. E. is not responsive to changes in hormone levels.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A. BMR is not influenced by energy intake B. BMR increases in response to starvation C. BMR may decrease up to \(50 \%\) during periods of starvation D. BMR increases in direct proportion to daily energy expenditure E. BMR is not responsive to changes in hormone levels Answer: C. BMR may decrease up to \(50 \%\) during periods of starvation.

Step by step solution

01

Examine each statement

To determine the correct statement about basal metabolic rate (BMR), let's analyze each option: A. BMR is not influenced by energy intake: BMR is generally not influenced by short-term energy intake (like a single day of eating more or less), but it can be affected by long-term changes in energy intake if it results in weight loss or gain. However, this statement is relatively true compared to the other statements. B. BMR increases in response to starvation: This statement is incorrect. When the body is starved, it tries to conserve energy and therefore decreases the BMR. C. BMR may decrease up to \(50 \%\) during periods of starvation: This statement is correct. Since the body needs to conserve energy during starvation, it is known that BMR can significantly decrease, up to about \(50 \%\) during extreme long-term starvation. D. BMR increases in direct proportion to daily energy expenditure: This statement is incorrect. BMR represents the energy expenditure at rest and doesn't directly increase with daily energy expenditure from physical activities. However, an overall active lifestyle may result in higher muscle mass, which in turn can lead to a higher BMR. E. BMR is not responsive to changes in hormone levels: This statement is incorrect. BMR is influenced by various hormones, such as thyroid hormones and growth hormones, which regulate metabolism.
02

Choose the correct answer

Based on the analysis of each statement, the correct answer is: C. BMR may decrease up to \(50 \%\) during periods of starvation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A young man suffered third-degree burns over much of his body and is hospitalized in a severe catabolic state. An individual in this state requires about \(40 \mathrm{kcal}\) kg per day and \(2 \mathrm{g}\) protein kg per day to be in positive caloric and nitrogen balance. This young man weighs \(140 \mathrm{lb}\) \((64 \mathrm{kg}) .\) Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is started with a solution containing \(20 \%\) glucose and \(4.25 \%\) amino acids (the form in which protein is supplied). If 3000 g of solution is infused per day, A. the patient would not be getting sufficient protein. B. the calories supplied would be inadequate. C. both protein and calories would be adequate to meet requirements. D. this is too much protein being infused.

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A young man suffered third-degree burns over much of his body and is hospitalized in a severe catabolic state. An individual in this state requires about \(40 \mathrm{kcal}\) kg per day and \(2 \mathrm{g}\) protein kg per day to be in positive caloric and nitrogen balance. This young man weighs \(140 \mathrm{lb}\) \((64 \mathrm{kg}) .\) Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is started with a solution containing \(20 \%\) glucose and \(4.25 \%\) amino acids (the form in which protein is supplied). Sometimes a lipid solution is also infused in a paticnt on TPN. In the case of this young man, the purpose of the lipid solution would be to A. supply additional calories to meet caloric needs. B. supply essential fatty acids. C. improve the palatability of the mixture. D. provide fiber. E. assure an adequate supply of cholesterol for membrane building.
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