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Chapter 23: Problem 10

Which of the following statements about rhodopsin is true? A. Rhodopsin is the primary photoreceptor of both rods and cones. B. The prosthctic group of rhodopsin is all-trans-retinol derived from \(\beta\) -carotene. C. Conversion of rhodopsin to activated rhodopsin, \(R^{*},\) by a light pulse requires depolarization of the cell. D. Rhodopsin is located in the cytosol of the cell. E. Absorption of a photon of light by rhodopsin causes an isomerization of 11 -cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A. Rhodopsin is the primary photoreceptor present in cone cells. B. Rhodopsin contains all-trans-retinol as its prosthetic group. C. Rhodopsin activation by a light pulse requires depolarization. D. Rhodopsin is located in the cytosol of the cell. E. Absorption of a photon of light by rhodopsin causes an isomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal. Answer: E. Absorption of a photon of light by rhodopsin causes an isomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal.

Step by step solution

01

Statement A analysis

Rhodopsin is the primary photoreceptor present in rod cells, which are responsible for vision in low light conditions. Cone cells, which are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity, contain different photoreceptor proteins (S, M, and L cones). Therefore, statement A is not true.
02

Statement B analysis

The prosthetic group of rhodopsin is 11-cis-retinal, derived from \(\beta\)-carotene. The presence of all-trans-retinol in the statement is inaccurate. Therefore, statement B is not true.
03

Statement C analysis

Conversion of rhodopsin to activated rhodopsin (\(R^*\)) by a light pulse actually requires hyperpolarization of the cell, not depolarization. Thus, statement C is not true.
04

Statement D analysis

Rhodopsin is not located in the cytosol of the cell. Instead, it is found in the disk membranes of rod cells' outer segments. Therefore, statement D is not true.
05

Statement E analysis

When rhodopsin absorbs a photon of light, it causes an isomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal. This is the event that leads to the activation of the phototransduction cascade and enables vision. Thus, statement E is true.
06

Conclusion

Among the given statements, the correct one about rhodopsin is statement E: Absorption of a photon of light by rhodopsin causes an isomerization of 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal.

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