Question

The conversion of nucleoside \(5^{\prime}\) -monophosphates to nucleoside 5'-triphosphates A. is catalyzed by nucleoside kinases. B. is a direct equilibrium reaction. C. utilizes a relatively specific nucleotide leinase and a relatively nonspecific nucleoside diphosphate kinase. D. generally uses GTP as a phosphate donor. E. occurs only during the S phase of the cell cycle.

Short answer

Short Answer: The conversion process utilizes a relatively specific nucleotide kinase for the first step and a relatively nonspecific nucleoside diphosphate kinase for the second step.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the conversion process

When a nucleoside 5'-monophosphate is converted into a nucleoside 5'-triphosphate, two phosphate groups are added to the original molecule. This process is important in the biochemistry of nucleic acids. Step 2: Eliminate incorrect options

Eliminate incorrect options

Evaluate each answer choice based on the knowledge about the conversion process: A. This option is true for converting nucleoside 5'-monophosphates to nucleoside 5'-diphosphates, but not the conversion all the way to nucleoside 5'-triphosphates. B. This conversion process is not a direct equilibrium reaction. E. This conversion process occurs throughout the cell cycle, not just during the S phase. Step 3: Identify the correct answer

Identify the correct answer

After eliminating the incorrect options, the correct answer is: C. utilizes a relatively specific nucleotide leinase and a relatively nonspecific nucleoside diphosphate kinase. This answer is correct because the first step of converting nucleoside 5'-monophosphates to nucleoside 5'-diphosphates is catalyzed by a relatively specific nucleotide kinase, while the second step of converting nucleoside 5'-diphosphates to nucleoside 5'-triphosphates is catalyzed by a relatively nonspecific nucleoside diphosphate kinase.