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What fraction of vertical bars in Figure 4-5a is expected to include the population mean (10000) if many experiments are carried out? Why are the 90 % confidence interval bars longer than the 50 % bars in Figure 4-5?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Thus because the fewer 50 percent bars approach the mean value, 90 percent bars would be longer than 50 percent bars.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of confidence interval bars

  • Confidence limits are a set of values determined from a research group that are extremely likely to include the true, but unknown, value ("confidence limit" refers to statistical analysis results). On a graph, they're frequently shown as error bars.
02

Determine the 90 % confidence interval bars longer than the 50 % bars in Figure 4-5

  • In this section, we will compute the fraction of vertical bars in Figure 4-5a that are projected to include the population mean (10000), as well as explain why the 90 percent confidence interval bars in Figure 4-5 are longer than the 50 percent confidence interval bars:
  • #c 34632 > The probability that our value will fall between two values is referred to as the confidence interval.
  • The bars are drawn at a 50% confidence level, which means that if the experiment is repeated 50 times, 50 percent of the results will include the mean value.
  • If enough experiments are carried out, 90% of the 90% confidence bars will intersect the mean value.
  • Because fewer 50 percent bars approach the mean value, 90 percent bars would be longer than 50 percent bars.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the least-squares problem in Figure 4-11.

(a) Suppose that a single new measurement produces a yvalue of 2.58. Find the corresponding xvalue and its standard uncertainty, ux.

(b) Suppose you measure yfour times and the average is 2.58. Calculate uxbased on four measurements, not one.

(c) Find the 95%confidence intervals for (a) and (b).

Blood plasma proteins of patients with malignant breast tumors differ from proteins of healthy people in their solubility in the presence of various polymers. When the polymers dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) are mixed with water, a two-phase mixture is formed. When plasma proteins of tumor patients are added, the distribution of proteins between the two phases is different from that of plasma proteins of a healthy person. The distribution coefficient ( K) for any substance is defined as K =[concentration of the substance in phase[concentration of the substance in phase B ]. Proteins of healthy people have a mean distribution coefficient of 0.75 with a standard deviation of 0.07. For the proteins of people with cancer, the mean is 0.92 with a standard deviation of 0.11.

(a) Suppose that Kwere used as a diagnostic tool and that a positive indication of cancer is taken asKโ‰ฅ0.92. What fraction of people with tumors would have a false negative indication of cancer becauseKโ‰ฅ0.92?

(b) What fraction of healthy people would have a false positive indication of cancer? This number is the fraction of healthy people withKโ‰ฅ0.92, shown by the shaded area in the graph below. Estimate an answer with Table 4 - 1 and obtain a more exact result with the NORMDIST function in Excel.

(c) Vary the first argument of the NORMDIST function to select a distribution coefficient that would identify 75% of people with tumors. That is, 75% of patients with tumors would have K above the selected distribution coefficient. With this value of K, what fraction of healthy people would have a false positive result indicating they have a tumor?

Here is a least-squares problem that you can do by hand with a calculator. Find the slope and intercept and their standard deviations for the straight line drawn through the points(x,y)=(0,1),(2,2)and (3,3). Make a graph showing the three points and the line. Place error bars (ยฑsy)on the points.

What is the meaning of a confidence interval?

Hydrocarbons in the cab of an automobile were measured during trips on the New Jersey Turnpike and trips through the Lincoln Tunnel connecting New York and New Jersey. The concentrations ( ยฑstandard deviations) ofm- andp -xylene were

Turnpike:31.4ยฑ30.0ฮผg/m3(32measurements)Tunnel:52.9ยฑ29.8ฮผg/m3(32measurements)

Do these results differ at the 95%confidence level? At the 99%confidence level?

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