Question

(a) Find the number of rings plus double bonds in a molecule with the composition C₁₄H₁₂and draw one plausible structure.

(b)For an ion or radical, the rings + double bonds formula gives noninteger answers because the formula is based on valences in neutral molecules with all electrons paired. How many rings plus double bonds are predicted for C₄H₁₀NO⁺? Draw one structure forC₄H₁₀NO⁺.

Short answer

1. Two rings and seven double bonds are present.
2. The structure of C₄H₁₀NO⁺

Step-by-step solution

Definition of molecule.

A molecule is a collection of two or more atoms bound together by chemical bonds; the word may or may not include ions that meet this condition depending on the context.

Step 2: The number of rings and double bonds present in molecules with composition C14H12.

a)

The amount of rings and double bonds contained in a compound's molecular formula may be determined using the formula below.

$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{R}+\mathrm{DB}=\mathrm{c}-\mathrm{h}/2+\mathrm{n}/2+1 \\ =14-12/2+0/2+1 \\ =9 \end{gathered}$$

As a result, trans-stilbene may be defined as a molecule with two rings and seven double bonds. The following is an example of a possible structure for this chemical.

Step3: Thenumber of rings plus double bonds are predictedfor C14H12.

b)

The given compound isC₄H₁₀NO⁺

$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{R}+\mathrm{DB}=\mathrm{c}-\mathrm{h}/2+\mathrm{n}/2+1 \\ \mathrm{R}+\mathrm{DB}=4-10/2+1/2+1 \\ \mathrm{R}+\mathrm{DB}=\frac{1}{2}? \end{gathered}$$

Hence, based on the findings, it can be concluded that the molecule is an ion in which at least one atom is unable to form its normal number of bonds. Instead of three bonds, N creates four.

This is a portion of a structure from the mass spectrum.