Chapter 11: Problem 41
Which one of the following is lyophilic colloid? (a) \(\mathrm{Pt}\) (b) Gum (c) Fog (d) Blood
Short Answer
Expert verified
The lyophilic colloid among the given options is (b) Gum.
Step by step solution
01
Understanding the Types of Colloids
Distinguish between lyophilic and lyophobic colloids. Lyophilic colloids are solvent attracting, hence easily form colloidal solutions and can be reversible. In contrast, lyophobic colloids are solvent repelling, which do not readily form colloidal solutions and are often irreversible.
02
Identifying the Lyophilic Colloid
Analyze the given options. \(\text{Pt}\) is a metal, which typically forms lyophobic colloids. Gum is an organic substance known for its compatibility with water and ability to form lyophilic colloids. Fog is essentially tiny water droplets suspended in the air, and blood is a complex mixture that includes blood cells suspended in plasma, which can behave like a colloid but is not specifically characterized as lyophilic.
03
Choosing the Correct Option
Based on the properties of lyophilic colloids, gum, option (b), is the correct answer, as it is known to form stable and reversible colloidal solutions with water.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Colloids Chemistry
Colloids are mixtures where one substance is dispersed evenly throughout another. The substance in smaller amounts, the dispersed phase, is spread through another substance, known as the dispersion medium. There are various types of colloids, but one crucial classification is based on their interaction with the solvent: lyophilic and lyophobic.
Lyophilic colloids, also called 'solvent-loving' colloids, have a strong affinity for the solvent and are easily mixed to form colloidal solutions. Common examples include gum arabic in water and gelatin. These colloids are reversible, meaning the sol can be converted back to the gel and vice versa. They're inherently stable because the dispersed phase has an affinity to the dispersing medium, often evidenced by their ability to be reconstituted after drying.
Contrastingly, lyophobic colloids, 'solvent-fearing' colloids, do not mix readily with the solvent and often require special methods to be stabilized. Metal sols like gold, silver, and platinum are typical examples, and they can be made stable by adding an electrolyte (which acts as a stabilizing agent). Despite such interventions, lyophobic colloids are less stable and are usually irreversible.
Understanding these two fundamental types of colloids can help students visualize how different substances interact at a molecular level. Knowing the nature of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids is not only crucial for laboratory synthesis but also for various industrial processes, such wildlife as pharmaceuticals and food science.
Lyophilic colloids, also called 'solvent-loving' colloids, have a strong affinity for the solvent and are easily mixed to form colloidal solutions. Common examples include gum arabic in water and gelatin. These colloids are reversible, meaning the sol can be converted back to the gel and vice versa. They're inherently stable because the dispersed phase has an affinity to the dispersing medium, often evidenced by their ability to be reconstituted after drying.
Contrastingly, lyophobic colloids, 'solvent-fearing' colloids, do not mix readily with the solvent and often require special methods to be stabilized. Metal sols like gold, silver, and platinum are typical examples, and they can be made stable by adding an electrolyte (which acts as a stabilizing agent). Despite such interventions, lyophobic colloids are less stable and are usually irreversible.
Understanding these two fundamental types of colloids can help students visualize how different substances interact at a molecular level. Knowing the nature of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids is not only crucial for laboratory synthesis but also for various industrial processes, such wildlife as pharmaceuticals and food science.
Physical Chemistry
Physical chemistry involves studying how matter behaves on a molecular and atomic level and how chemical reactions occur. It bridges the gap between physics and chemistry by combining principles from both fields.
When looking at colloids through the lens of physical chemistry, the focus is on their physical properties and the forces that govern phase interactions. In the case of lyophilic colloids, their stability comes from the solvation layer formed around the dispersed particles which prevent them from aggregating. This layer is due to the physical interactions between the particles and the solvent molecules. For instance, in the case of gum (a lyophilic colloid), the hydroxyl groups within its structure form hydrogen bonds with water, leading to solvation.
Understanding the behavior of colloids plays a crucial role in fields like nanotechnology and materials science as well. Mastery over this topic not only helps in the academic realm but also equips students with the knowledge to tackle real-life chemical challenges.
When looking at colloids through the lens of physical chemistry, the focus is on their physical properties and the forces that govern phase interactions. In the case of lyophilic colloids, their stability comes from the solvation layer formed around the dispersed particles which prevent them from aggregating. This layer is due to the physical interactions between the particles and the solvent molecules. For instance, in the case of gum (a lyophilic colloid), the hydroxyl groups within its structure form hydrogen bonds with water, leading to solvation.
JEE Exam Preparation
The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is a highly competitive exam for aspiring engineers in India, which tests students' grasp over subjects like Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry. In the context of JEE exam preparation, especially for the Chemistry section, it's vital to understand concepts thoroughly, like those of colloidal chemistry.
For effective JEE preparation, students should focus on conceptual clarity and the application of knowledge. Regular practice with various problems, including those from colloidal chemistry, will build problem-solving skills. A step-by-step approach to understanding the nature of colloids mentioned in this particular exercise can enhance analytical thinking, which is critical for success in JEE.
Moreover, understanding the properties of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids will aid in tackling multiple-choice questions (MCQs) as well as in paragraph-based questions, where comprehension of concepts needs to be applied to novel scenarios. Juggling between concepts and practice, while revising regularly and solving past papers, will prepare students to excel in the Chemistry portion of the JEE exam.
For effective JEE preparation, students should focus on conceptual clarity and the application of knowledge. Regular practice with various problems, including those from colloidal chemistry, will build problem-solving skills. A step-by-step approach to understanding the nature of colloids mentioned in this particular exercise can enhance analytical thinking, which is critical for success in JEE.
Moreover, understanding the properties of lyophilic and lyophobic colloids will aid in tackling multiple-choice questions (MCQs) as well as in paragraph-based questions, where comprehension of concepts needs to be applied to novel scenarios. Juggling between concepts and practice, while revising regularly and solving past papers, will prepare students to excel in the Chemistry portion of the JEE exam.
