Question

The correct statement(s) regarding final major product ' \(\mathrm{R}\) ' of the following reaction sequence is/are: (A) Can give yellow ppt. with \(\mathrm{NaOI}\) (B) Cannot reduce \(\mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{IO}_{6}\) (C) Exist in enol form (D) Michael reaction is used for its formation

Short answer

Without the reaction sequence, none of the statements (A, B, C, or D) can be verified as either correct or incorrect. Please provide the reaction sequence for a detailed analysis and solution.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the reaction sequence

The reaction sequence in this exercise is not provided explicitly, so we cannot analyze it further. We will now examine each statement regarding the final major product 'R' to find out if the statements are correct or not.

Statement (A) - Can give yellow ppt. with \(\mathrm{NaOI}\)

Without the reaction sequence, we cannot conclude whether the final major product will give a yellow precipitate with sodium iodate. We can not verify this statement without the reaction sequence.

Statement (B) - Cannot reduce \(\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{IO}_{6}\)

Without knowing the final major product structure, we can't determine whether it has the ability to reduce periodic acid (\(\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{IO}_{6}\)) or not. We can not verify this statement without the reaction sequence.

Statement (C) - Exist in enol form

Without knowing the final major product structure, we can't determine if it exists in an enol form or a keto form. We can not verify this statement without the reaction sequence.

Statement (D) - Michael reaction is used for its formation

Without the reaction sequence, we can't determine if the Michael reaction is used for the formation of the final major product 'R'. We can not verify this statement without the reaction sequence. In conclusion, without the reaction sequence, none of the statements can be verified as either correct or incorrect. The exercise is incomplete. Please provide the reaction sequence for a detailed analysis and solution.

Key concepts

Michael Reaction

The Michael Reaction is an important carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction in organic chemistry. It involves the addition of a nucleophile, typically a carbanion, to an activated α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound, forming a new carbon-carbon bond. This reaction is particularly valuable for developing complex molecular structures. The Michael Reaction follows a specific mechanism:

• Formation of the nucleophile: Often, a compound with a carbon-hydrogen bond adjacent to a carbonyl group (like esters or ketones) is deprotonated to form an enolate.
• Addition to the α, β-unsaturated system: The nucleophile attacks the electrophilic double bond of the α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound.
• Product stabilization: The resulting product often undergoes tautomerization to reach a more stable keto form, if possible.

This reaction is widely utilized in synthetic chemistry to build up large, complex molecules with diverse functionalities.

Enol Form

In chemistry, tautomers are isomers that can interconvert, often involving the migration of a proton and a change in bonds. The enol form is one such tautomer, specifically where a hydrogen atom is transferred from an oxygen atom to a carbon atom, changing a carbonyl group (C=O) to an alkene (C=C) and an alcohol (OH).
The condition for an enol form to exist involves:

• The presence of a ketone or aldehyde, where the alpha carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group has hydrogens that can be relocated.
• Factors like hydrogen bonds or chemical environment that stabilize the enol form over the keto form.

Enol forms are essential intermediates in many organic reactions. Their reactivity, particularly in forming more complex structures, is utilized in various reactions like the Aldol reaction.

Sodium Iodate Precipitation

When an organic compound reacts with sodium iodate (NaOI), a yellow precipitate may form, indicating the presence of certain functional groups like phenols or aldehydes. This reaction is a qualitative test often used in organic chemistry to identify iodine-reactive components.
Here’s how it generally works:

• Phenols, upon reacting with NaOI, form iodoform, a yellow solid precipitate.
• The test is sensitive and can indicate specific types of structures within the organic molecule, serving as a straightforward method for preliminary identification.

To predict if a compound will yield a yellow precipitate with NaOI, it requires examining the molecular structure for reactive sites, like carbonyl groups adjacent to methyl groups.

Periodic Acid Reduction

Periodic acid (\(\text{H}_5\text{IO}_6\)) is a strong oxidizing agent, commonly used to cleave vicinal diols into two separate aldehyde or ketone groups. For periodic acid reduction to occur, the compound must possess:

• Vicinal diol groups – two hydroxyl groups on neighboring carbons.
• A structure that allows the formation of aldehydes or ketones after cleavage.

Reduction by periodic acid is specific and powerful, making it a useful tool for degrading sugars in carbohydrate chemistry to simpler aldehydes without impacting other functional groups. It's important to know whether a compound can reduce periodic acid to predict its behavior in synthetic pathways.