Question

Choose the incorrect option: (A) Reaction is known as acetylation (B) One of the product posseses analgesic, anti-inflammatary and antipyretic properties (C) Reaction products contain two organic products (D) Product contains aspirin having structure

Short answer

The incorrect option is (D), as it provides incomplete information about the structure of aspirin. Options A, B, and C are true statements about the acetylation reaction that produces aspirin and acetic acid.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the reaction

The reaction in question seems to be the process of making aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. This reaction is known as acetylation, and it produces aspirin which has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.

Evaluate option A

Option A says the reaction is known as acetylation. This is true, as the reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride is indeed called acetylation.

Evaluate option B

Option B states that one of the product possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. This is also true, as aspirin has these properties, which is why it is widely used as a painkiller and fever reducer.

Evaluate option C

Option C claims that the reaction products contain two organic products. This is true. The reaction produces aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and acetic acid, which are both organic compounds.

Evaluate option D

Option D says that the product contains aspirin having structure. This statement is incomplete, as it does not provide any information about the structure of aspirin. Therefore, this option cannot be evaluated as true or false based on the given information.

Choose the incorrect option

Since options A, B, and C are true statements about the reaction, the incorrect option is D, as it provides incomplete information about the structure of aspirin.

Key concepts

Aspirin Synthesis

Aspirin synthesis is a fascinating chemical process that highlights the beauty of organic chemistry. It is a prime example of acetylation, a reaction where an acetyl group is introduced to a compound. In this case, salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride to produce aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and acetic acid as byproducts.
This process is not just significant in the lab but also has profound practical applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The method is straightforward and efficient, typically requiring heat to proceed smoothly.
The synthesis involves the following steps:

• Salicylic acid is mixed with acetic anhydride, acting as a source of acetyl groups.
• The mixture is heated to initiate the reaction. This allows an acetyl group to replace a hydroxyl group in salicylic acid.
• Aspirin and acetic acid are produced. The resulting solution is typically cooled, causing aspirin to crystallize, which can be purified further by recrystallization.

These steps underscore the elegance and simplicity of aspirin synthesis, a reaction that has saved countless lives through its resulting products.

Analgesic Properties

Aspirin is well-known for its analgesic properties, meaning it effectively relieves pain. This property makes aspirin one of the most widely used over-the-counter medications for managing various types of pain, such as headaches, toothaches, and muscle aches.
Analgesics work by blocking specific substances in the body known as prostaglandins, which are involved in pain and inflammation. Aspirin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), leading to reduced production of prostaglandins. This action explains its ability to reduce pain and inflammation.
Beyond pain relief, aspirin possesses anti-inflammatory and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it useful for conditions like arthritis, while its ability to act as a blood thinner has implications in reducing the risk of strokes and heart attacks.

• Analgesic - relieves pain by inhibiting cyclooxygenase.
• Anti-inflammatory - reduces swelling and inflammation.
• Antipyretic - lowers fever.

These attributes underscore aspirin's versatility as a medication, extending its role beyond pain relief.

Organic Reaction Products

Understanding the products of organic reactions is crucial in chemistry, giving insight into the reaction's completeness and efficiency. In the synthesis of aspirin, two main organic products result: aspirin itself and acetic acid.
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is the desired product due to its medicinal properties. Its formation is essentially an esterification process whereby an acetyl group from acetic anhydride is transferred to salicylic acid.
Acetic acid, while a byproduct in this reaction, still holds significance. It is an organic compound that can be used in various industrial applications, such as the production of vinyl acetate monomer, acetic anhydride, and various ester compounds.

• Aspirin - primary product with significant medicinal uses.
• Acetic Acid - byproduct with industrial utility.

The formation of these products illustrates the balance and interaction between desired and secondary products, a key concept in organic synthesis.