Question

The number of carbon atom in longest chain during IUPAC nomenclature of following compound is C=C(CC)CCC(=CC)CC (A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 5

Short answer

The longest carbon chain in the compound has 8 carbon atoms, thus the correct answer is (A) 8.

Step-by-step solution

Converting the SMILES notation into a structural formula

To convert the SMILES notation into a structural formula, we need to know how to read the SMILES syntax. In this notation, each letter (C) represents a carbon atom. Parentheses are used to indicate branching points. For example, in the given compound, C=C(CC)CCC(=CC)CC, we can see that the molecule has a double bond (=) between two carbon atoms, and two branching points marked with parentheses. So, the structural formula looks like this: ``` C=C | C-C-C-C-C=C | | C C-C ```

Identifying the longest carbon chain

To identify the longest carbon chain, we can start with one end of the molecule and follow the chain, counting the number of carbon atoms. We need to consider all possible paths, as the longest chain might not be a straight line. In this case, we can see the two possible paths: 1. C1-C2-C3-C4-C5-C6-C7-C8: This path includes the main backbone of the molecule, and has 8 carbon atoms. 2. C1-C2-C9-C4-C5-C6-C3-C10: This path includes both branching points and has 8 carbon atoms as well. In both cases, we get a chain of 8 carbon atoms, which is the longest chain in this molecule.

Choose the correct option

Now that we have identified the longest carbon chain of 8 atoms, we can choose the correct option provided in the exercise. The correct answer is: (A) 8

Key concepts

Understanding SMILES Notation

The SMILES notation is a concise way of representing the structure of a molecule using a string of text. It's very useful for storing and exchanging chemical information digitally. Here's how it works:

• Each letter 'C' represents a carbon atom in the molecule.
• Double bonds are represented by an '=' sign using suitable ordering of atoms.
• Branches off the main chain are denoted by parentheses ().

This notation compresses complex molecular structures into an easy-to-read format. In the exercise, the SMILES string is 'C=C(CC)CCC(=CC)CC', which indicates a carbon chain with branches and double bonds.

Interpreting the Structural Formula

A structural formula provides a visual representation of a molecule by showing how atoms are arranged and bonded. This method helps visualize the "skeleton" of a molecule. To draw it from SMILES:

• Identify the main carbon backbone by connecting carbon atoms (C).
• Locate double bonds, indicated by '=' in the SMILES string.
• Add branches and side chains using parentheses from the notation.

For 'C=C(CC)CCC(=CC)CC', the formula involves a series of carbon atoms connected together, with branches, providing a clear map of the compound's structure.

Identifying the Longest Carbon Chain

In IUPAC nomenclature, determining the longest carbon chain is crucial for naming. The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms sets the core name of the compound:

• Start at one end of the compound and trace through carbon atoms, tallying their total.
• Consider all branching paths to ensure the longest potential connection is found.
• In molecules with branches, try different paths to confirm the longest chain.

In the exercise, both pathways identified via SMILES show a maximum length of 8 carbon atoms, establishing the longest chain length.

Role and Importance of Carbon Atoms

Carbon atoms form the backbone of organic molecules due to their unique bonding properties. Each carbon atom can form four covalent bonds, allowing complex structures.

• Chains of carbon atoms make up the main framework of organic compounds.
• Branches and rings formed by carbons create diverse chemical properties.
• These structures influence the naming and functionality of molecules.

Understanding carbon's role is key in chemistry, as it helps predict how molecules behave and react, which was essential to solve the exercise correctly.