Question

Question 10. Predict the sign of the system's entropy change in each of the following processes.

(a) A computer is constructed from iron, copper, carbon, silicon, gallium, and arsenic.

(b) A container holding a compressed gas develops a leak and the gas enters the atmosphere.

(c) Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide.

Short answer

(a). The sign of system's entropy change of a computer is constructed from iron, copper, carbon, silicon, gallium, and arsenic is positive.

(b). The sign of system's entropy changes of a container holding a compressed gas develops a leak and the gas enters the atmosphere is positive.

(c). The sign of system's entropy changes of a solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide is positive.

Step-by-step solution

Given information

(a). A computer is constructed from iron, copper, carbon, silicon, gallium, and arsenic.

(b). A container holding a compressed gas develops a leak and the gas enters the atmosphere.

(c). Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide.

Concept of entropy of the system

Its entropy Change will be described as a shift in a very thermodynamic system's level of disorder that's brought on by the conversion of warmth or enthalpy into work. Entropy is higher during a system that's very disordered.

Identify the sign of the entropy change of a computer

(a)

The process is a computer is constructed from iron, copper, carbon, silicon, gallium, and arsenic. Since, iron, copper, carbon, silicon, gallium, and arsenic are pure elements that are being put into a sort of a mixture. Even though a computer has a strict structure, it can't compare to pure metals.The entropy in a mixture is higher than in a pure compound, therefore the entropy change is positive.

Identify the sign of the entropy change of a container holding a compressed gas

(b)

The process is a container holding a compressed gas develops a leak and the gas enters the atmosphere. The gas enters the atmosphere, it has more possibilities to take up various placements.The number of available microstates increases. Therefore, the entropy change is positive.

Identify the sign of the entropy change of solid carbon dioxide sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide

(c)

The process sublimination of solid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide. Solids have a fixated structure, so the entrophy is low. By sublimation to gaseous state, the randomness will heavily increase, as the volume increases, the molecules aren't tightly connected anymore etc.The number of available microstates increases, therefore the entrophy change is positive.