Question

Outline, using chemical equations, the synthesis of the following from readily available petrochemicals and inorganic starting materials.

1. Vinyl bromide ( ${\mathbf{CH}}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{=}\mathbf{CHBr}$)
2. 2-Butanol
3. Acetone ( ${\mathbf{CH}}_{\mathbf{3}}{\mathbf{COCH}}_{\mathbf{3}}$)

Short answer

A chemical equation is an equation in which the reactants and products are represented by their respective chemical formulae. Reactants are written on left side, and the products are written on the right side of an arrow.

According to the Law of conservation of mass, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of products. i.e., the number of each type of atom must be equal on both sides, and if it is not, balancing a reaction is carried out, which involves adding stoichiometric coefficients to the reactants and products.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction

A chemical equation is an equation in which the reactants and products are represented by their respective chemical formulae. Reactants are written on left side, and the products are written on the right side of an arrow.

According to the Law of conservation of mass, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of products. i.e., the number of each type of atom must be equal on both sides, and if it is not, balancing a reaction is carried out, which involves adding stoichiometric coefficients to the reactants and products.

a) Vinyl bromide ( CH2=CHBr)

b) 2-Butanol

2-butanol is prepared by the hydration of 2-butene in the presence of sulfuric acid, working as a catalyst. The reaction can be represented following:

c) Acetone ( CH3COCH3)

Acetone can be obtained from the oxidation of secondary alcohol in the presence of potassium dichromate. The reaction of the formation of acetone from 2 propanols can be represented as: