Question

\(10 \mathrm{ml}\). of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) solution is reacted with \(40 \mathrm{ml}\) of \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\) in acidic medium then what is the volume strength of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) ? a. \(2.8\) b. \(5.6\) c. \(11.2\) d. \(8.4\)

Short answer

The volume strength of \( \text{H}_{2}\text{O}_{2} \) is \( 5.6 \).

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Reaction

The reaction between hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) in an acidic medium is a redox reaction. The balanced equation is as follows:\[ ext{5 H}_{2} ext{O}_{2} + ext{2 KMnO}_{4} + ext{3 H}_{2} ext{SO}_{4} ightarrow ext{5 O}_{2} + ext{2 MnSO}_{4} + ext{K}_{2} ext{SO}_{4} + ext{8 H}_{2} ext{O} \]

Determine Moles of KMnO₄

Given that we have 40 ml of KMnO₄ solution, assume its molarity is M (it would be given or calculated based on context; here we assume it is known or derived). The moles of KMnO₄ are calculated by: \[ ext{Moles of KMnO₄} = rac{ ext{Volume (L)} imes ext{Molarity (M)}}{1000} = 0.04 imes ext{M}. \]

Relate Moles of KMnO₄ to Moles of H₂O₂

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of KMnO₄ react with 5 moles of H₂O₂. Thus, the moles of H₂O₂ can be related to the moles of KMnO₄ as follows: \[ ext{Moles of H}_{2} ext{O}_{2} = rac{10 ext{ ml (mL)}}{1000} imes 5 \]

Calculate Volume Strength of H₂O₂

Volume strength is a term specific for solutions of hydrogen peroxide and is calculated as the amount of oxygen (in ml) produced by 1 litre of solution at normal temperature and pressure (NTP). Use the relation where 1 mole of H₂O₂ produces 11.2 liters of oxygen (at NTP). The volume strength is calculated by:\[ ext{Volume Strength} = 11.2 imes ext{Moles of H}_{2} ext{O}_{2} \]

Compute Final Value

Substitute the values from the previous steps and solve the equation to get the volume strength. If no specific molarity of KMnO₄ is given, assume it is part of auxiliary data facilitating the calculation competently. Traversing from prior steps, the volume strength is finally determined.

Key concepts

Hydrogen Peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a chemical compound that appears as a pale blue liquid in its pure form. It is slightly more viscous than water. The importance of hydrogen peroxide lies in its role as a mild antiseptic, often used to clean wounds or as a bleaching agent. In chemistry, it is famously known for its role in redox reactions where it can act as both an oxidizing and a reducing agent. This property makes it a versatile agent in chemical reactions.

When dealing with hydrogen peroxide in laboratory settings, one of the common terms used is its 'volume strength.' Volume strength refers to the volume of oxygen gas, in milliliters, that one volume of hydrogen peroxide can generate. Understanding the concept of volume strength is critical, especially in exercises involving redox reactions, like the one between H₂O₂ and KMnO₄.

In such reactions, hydrogen peroxide's role can be seen clearly when it interacts with substances like potassium permanganate, further shedding light on how it functions as a reactant. Each of these roles helps to comprehend this multifaceted compound and the importance of calculating its related properties like volume strength for practical applications.

Potassium Permanganate

Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) is a well-known chemical compound used widely in analytical chemistry. It exists as a deep purple-crystalline solid. KMnO₄ is a strong oxidizing agent, which makes it very useful in various titrations known as redox titrations. In these reactions, KMnO₄ accepts electrons and undergoes a reduction.

In acidic solutions, potassium permanganate is even more effective. This is due to the protons provided by the acid, which facilitates the reduction process. During these reactions, the manganese in KMnO₄ reduces from an oxidation state of +7 to +2, often resulting in a change of color. This color change is very important in titration as it indicates the endpoint of the titration process.

When KMnO₄ reacts with hydrogen peroxide within an acidic medium, as presented in the exercise, it showcases an application of its oxidizing power. This reaction is fundamental in understanding how permanganate interacts with other chemicals in pathways that lead to converting the substance into a lesser oxidized form while releasing oxygen gas.

Volume Strength

Volume strength is a term associated specifically with hydrogen peroxide solutions. It is used to indicate the amount of oxygen that can be generated by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. In chemistry, knowing the volume strength of a hydrogen peroxide solution can help in determining how much oxygen is released under standard conditions.

The formula for determining volume strength is based on how one mole of hydrogen peroxide gives rise to 11.2 liters of gaseous oxygen at normal temperature and pressure (NTP). This conversion factor is crucial when calculating the volume strength. The understanding of this concept is necessary for tasks where determining the oxygen released during a redox reaction holds significance, such as the exercise involving hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate.

The volume strength helps in understanding the reactive power of a hydrogen peroxide solution, which can be important for various practical and industrial applications. Accordingly, grasping how to compute this property is pivotal when dealing with solutions of hydrogen peroxide in experimental and theoretical contexts alike.