Question

Match the entries given in column A with appropriate ones from column B. $$ \begin{array}{lll} \hline \text { Column A } & \text { Column B } \\ \hline \text { A. } & \text { Sodium chloride } & \text { ( ) a. Baking powder } \\ \text { B. } & \text { Tartaric acid } & \text { () b. Freezing mixture in ice } \\\\\text { creams } \\ \text { C. } & \text { Potassium nitrate } & \text { () c. Antacid in medicine } \\ \text { D. } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Sodium } \\ \text { bicarbonate } \end{array} & \text { () d. Gun powder } \\ \text { E. } & \text { Citric acid } & \text { () e. Bleaching powder } \\ \text { F. } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Calcium } \\ \text { hydroxide } \end{array} & \text { () } f \text { . Flavouring agent } \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Short answer

Based on the step-by-step solution given: Question: Match each chemical in Column A with its corresponding use in Column B. A. Sodium chloride B. Tartaric acid C. Potassium nitrate D. Sodium bicarbonate E. Citric acid F. Calcium hydroxide 1. Antacid in medicine 2. Baking powder 3. Bleaching powder 4. Flavoring agent 5. Freezing mixture in ice creams 6. Gunpowder Answer: A. Sodium chloride - 5. Freezing mixture in ice creams B. Tartaric acid - 4. Flavoring agent C. Potassium nitrate - 6. Gunpowder D. Sodium bicarbonate - 1. Antacid in medicine, 2. Baking powder E. Citric acid - 4. Flavoring agent F. Calcium hydroxide - 3. Bleaching powder

Step-by-step solution

Identify the uses for each chemical in Column A

First, let's identify the correct use for each chemical listed in Column A: A. Sodium chloride - This is common table salt and is used as a freezing mixture in ice creams. B. Tartaric acid - Tartaric acid is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverages. C. Potassium nitrate - This chemical compound is an active ingredient in gunpowder. D. Sodium bicarbonate - Also known as baking soda, it is used as an antacid in medicine and as a leavening agent in baking powder. E. Citric acid - This weak organic acid is found in citrus fruits and is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverages. F. Calcium hydroxide - This inorganic compound is used in the production of bleaching powder.

Match Column A with Column B

Now, let's match the chemicals in Column A with their corresponding uses in Column B: A. Sodium chloride - (b) Freezing mixture in ice creams B. Tartaric acid - (f) Flavoring agent C. Potassium nitrate - (d) Gunpowder D. Sodium bicarbonate - (a) Baking powder and (c) Antacid in medicine E. Citric acid - (f) Flavoring agent F. Calcium hydroxide - (e) Bleaching powder The completed table will look like this: $$ \begin{array}{lll} \hline \text { Column A } & \text { Column B } \\\ \hline \text { A. } & \text { Sodium chloride } & (b) \text { Freezing mixture in ice creams } \\\ \text { B. } & \text { Tartaric acid } & (f) \text { Flavoring agent } \\\ \text { C. } & \text { Potassium nitrate } & (d) \text { Gun powder } \\\ \text { D. } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Sodium } \\\ \text { bicarbonate } \end{array} & (a) \text { Baking powder and } (c) \text { Antacid in medicine } \\\ \text { E. } & \text { Citric acid } & (f) \text { Flavoring agent } \\\ \text { F. } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Calcium } \\\ \text { hydroxide } \end{array} & (e) \text { Bleaching powder } \\\ \hline \end{array} $$

Key concepts

Sodium chloride uses

Sodium chloride is more commonly known as table salt. It is a vital component of the human diet and used extensively in food preparation as a seasoning and preservative.

• In the food industry, sodium chloride not only enhances flavor but also aids in preservation by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
• In the winter months, it is frequently used as a de-icing agent on roads, thanks to its ability to lower the freezing point of water.
• This compound is also used in the manufacturing of paper, and in the production of various chemicals.

Its ability to act as a freezing mixture in ice creams is one of its less known yet fascinating properties. This is utilized in homemade ice cream makers, where salt is mixed with ice to lower the temperature and quickly freeze the cream.

Tartaric acid in food

Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found in many plants, particularly in grapes. It's widely used in the culinary world for its sour taste.

• It is a key component in baking powder, providing the acidic counterpart needed to react with the base (usually baking soda) and produce carbon dioxide gas, which leavens dough.
• This acid is also used in winemaking to regulate acidity, improve taste and color, and promote yeast fermentation.
• Besides these, tartaric acid is used in some candies and soft drinks as a flavor enhancer.

An interesting fact is that cream of tartar, used in baking to stabilize egg whites and as a leavening agent, is derived from tartaric acid.

Potassium nitrate applications

Potassium nitrate, also known as saltpetre, is a chemical compound that plays a crucial role in various applications.

• It is a primary component of gunpowder, historically used in firearms and fireworks.
• In the agricultural sector, potassium nitrate serves as a source of potassium and nitrogen, essential nutrients for plant growth.
• It is also utilized in the food industry as a preservative and curing agent for meats, helping to maintain the pink color and inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

Though historically significant in weaponry, today it finds more peaceful applications in agriculture and food preservation.

Sodium bicarbonate functions

Sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, is a versatile compound used in various everyday applications.

• In the kitchen, baking soda is a regular fixture, acting as a leavening agent in baking. It reacts with acidic components to produce carbon dioxide bubbles, helping dough rise.
• This compound is a popular home remedy for indigestion, known as an antacid because it neutralizes stomach acid.
• Outside the kitchen, it serves as a cleaning agent, deodorizer, and even a mild abrasive for toothpaste.

The multifunctional nature of sodium bicarbonate makes it a staple in households, with roles spanning across baking, medicine, and hygiene.

Citric acid typical uses

Citric acid is commonly found in citrus fruits like lemons, limes, and oranges. It is prized for its sour taste and serves a variety of purposes in food and beverages.

• In the culinary world, citric acid is used as a preservative and flavoring agent in soft drinks, candies, and as an emulsifying agent in ice cream.
• It is also used in cosmetics and cleaning products due to its ability to bind metals and improve shelf life.
• In household cleaning, it effectively removes limescale and hard water stains, making it a popular ingredient in cleaning solutions.

Its natural origin and low environmental impact make citric acid an important component in a wide range of products.

Calcium hydroxide properties

Calcium hydroxide, commonly known as slaked lime, is an inorganic compound with numerous industrial and environmental applications.

• In the building industry, it is used in the production of mortar and plaster, thanks to its ability to harden upon exposure to air.
• This compound is also used in the treatment of water and sewage, where it aids in the precipitation of impurities.
• Additionally, calcium hydroxide is utilized in the preparation of bleaching powder as a source of calcium for various chemical reactions.

Its role in neutralizing acids and aiding in various industrial processes highlights its significance as more than just a building material.