Question

Draw structures for the following:

1. 2-Methylheptane
2. 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane
3. 4-ethyl-3,4-dimethyloctane
4. 2,4,4-Trimethylheptane
5. 3,3-Diethyl-2,5-Dimethylnonane
6. 4-Isopropyl-3-methylheptane

Short answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

Step-by-step solution

IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied Chemistry)

IUPAC system is a method of naming various chemical compounds systematically. It is constituted by 4 parts,

IUPAC name=$\mathbf{Locant}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Prefix}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Parent}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{Suffix}$

Locant tells us the position of the substituent, prefix tell us what the substituent is, parent suggest the length of the carbon chain (2,3,4 and so on) and the primary functional group is identified by the suffix part.

Step 2:

While writing the structure from the IUPAC names, we first write the parent chain first, then according the numbering indicated in the name, we place principal functional groups if present and other substituents on carbon atoms and then add hydrogen to satisfy the valency of each carbon atom.

a.

2-Methylheptane

As the name suggests, first make a 7 carbon chain and put a methyl group at carbon position 2, we get,

2-Methylheptane

Similarly for other names we can draw the following structures;

b.

4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane

4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane

c.

4-ethyl-3,4-dimethyloctane

4-ethyl-3,4-dimethyloctane

d.

2,4,4-Trimethylheptane

2,4,4-Trimethylheptane

e.

3,3-Diethyl-2,5-Dimethylnonane

3,3-Diethyl-2,5-Dimethylnonane

f.

4-Isopropyl-3-methylheptane

4-Isopropyl-3-methylheptane