Question

Add curved arrows to the following polar reactions to indicate the flow of electrons in each:

Short answer

(a)

(b)

(c)

Step-by-step solution

Flow of electrons in the following reactions

(a)

If we observe the reaction, nitrogen chlorine bond is formed. Lone pair of electrons on nitrogen attacks chlorine so that bond gets a break.

Flow of electron shown

Breaking of C-Br bond

(b)

In the above reaction, negatively charged oxygen attacks the carbon so that the carbon and bromine bond gets a break. Methoxide ion reacts with methyl bromide to give dimethyl ether.

Flow of electron shown

Formation of C=O bond

(c)

In this reaction, the negative charge on oxygen gets delocalized and a carbon-oxygen double bond is formed and the carbon chlorine bond gets broken.

Flow of electron shown