Question

Predict the major product in each of the following reactions:

Short answer

The major products formed in the following reactions are :

Step-by-step solution

Addition reaction of alkene

In the addition reaction of alkene, addition of proton (H⁺) takes place which leads to formation of carbocation.

If the formed carbocation is not stable then rearrangement of take place to form the most stable carbocation

In the second step attack of nucleophile takes place.

Addition across double bond follows Markownikov’s rule. According to Markownikov’s rule proton is always added to the less substituted carbon.

Formation of product for reaction (a)

In the first step of the reaction, the formation of a secondary carbocation takes place. The nucleophile OH^-attacks the carbocation formed to give the most stable product. The addition follows the Markownikov’s rule.

Formation of product

Addition of proton takes place then no carbocation rearrangement occurs as the carbocation formed is most stable. Then at last addition of bromine takes place and led to formation of the product. No rearrangement takes place.

Formation of product

Addition of proton takes place then carbocation rearrangement occurs to form the most stable carbocation. Then at last addition of bromine takes place and led to formation of product.

Formation of product

Addition of proton takes place and no carbocation rearrangement takes place. Then addition of Chlorine takes place.

Similarly addition of second molecule of HCl takes place.