Question

Each of the following reactions has two nucleophiles that could add to the intermediate formed by the reaction of the alkene with an electrophile. What is the major product of each reaction

Short answer

Compounds that transfer electron pairs to electrophiles in order to form chemical bonds with them are referred to as "nucleophiles."

Any ion or molecule with a free electron pair or a pi bond carrying two electrons has the ability to act as a nucleophile.

Definition of electrophile-

In chemistry, an electrophile is an atom or molecule that seeks out another atom or molecule that has an electron pair accessible for bonding in a chemical

Reaction.

Lewis’s acids (compounds that receive electron pairs) are electrophilic chemicals, and many of them are Bronsted acids.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Nucleophile-

Compounds that transfer electron pairs to electrophiles in order to form chemical bonds with them are referred to as "nucleophiles."

Any ion or molecule with a free electron pair or a pi bond carrying two electrons has the ability to act as a nucleophile.

Definition of electrophile-

In chemistry, an electrophile is an atom or molecule that seeks out another atom or molecule that has an electron pair accessible for bonding in a chemical

Reaction.

Lewis’s acids (compounds that receive electron pairs) are electrophilic chemicals, and many of them are Bronsted acids.

Determining the major product of each reaction-

• The intermediate is more likely to collide with the nucleophile that is present in higher concentration.
• Because the solvent concentration is substantially higher than the other nucleophile's concentration. (For example, in part a, the concentration of CH₃OH is much greater than the concentration of Cl^-), the major product will come from the reaction of the solvent with the intermediate.
• Because there are two equivalents of NaI and one equivalent of HBr, the nucleophile in component b is most likely I^-.