Question

In some brain cancer cells, a mutated form of isocitrate dehydrogenase, instead of catalyzing the oxidation of the secondary alcohol of isocitrate, catalyzes the reduction of $\alpha$-ketoglutarate. Draw the product of the reaction.

Short answer

Isocitrate dehydrogenase is the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, and it produces alpha-ketoglutarate and carbon dioxide as a by-product.

Three forms of Isocitrate dehydrogenase present are as follows:

IDH1

IDH2

IDH3

Mutation in two forms ofIsocitrate dehydrogenase: IDH1 and IDH2, causes cancer.

Step-by-step solution

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Isocitrate dehydrogenase is the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, and it produces alpha-ketoglutarate and carbon dioxide as a by-product.

Three forms of Isocitrate dehydrogenase present are as follows:

IDH1

IDH2

IDH3

Mutation in two forms ofIsocitrate dehydrogenase: IDH1 and IDH2, causes cancer.

Step 2: Reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate

In some brain cancer cells, when a mutated form of isocitrate dehydrogenase, instead of catalyzing the oxidation of the secondary alcohol of isocitrate, catalyzes the reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate, the product formed is hydroxyglutarate,