Question

Draw the following orbitals:

a. 3sorbital

b. 4sorbitalc.

c. 3porbital

Short answer

For s-orbital:

• Spherically symmetrical
• Mathematically all same sign

For p-orbital:

• Dumble-shaped
• Two lobes with an opposite mathematical sign

Step-by-step solution

Understanding the orbital shapes 

For s-orbital:

• Spherically symmetrical
• Mathematically all same sign

For p-orbital:

• Dumble-shaped
• Two lobes with an opposite mathematical sign

Subpart (a) Drawing the orbital shape of the 3s orbital

In the case of a 3s orbital, the shape will be spherical and the charge is the same throughout the orbital.

No. of nodes present:

=n-1

=3-1

=2

Subpart (b) Drawing the orbital shape of the 4s orbital

In case of 4s orbital, the shape will also be spherical and throughout the orbital, the charge is same.

No. of nodes present is:

=n-1

=4-1

=3

Subpart (c) Drawing the orbital shape of the 3p orbital

For 3p orbitals, there are 3 types of p orbitals drawn according to the three-axis namely . The orbitals are double-lobed with each lobe opposite in sign and are dumble-shaped.

No. of nodes present:

=n-1

=3-1

=2