Question

Which of the atoms in the molecular models in Problem 20 have

a. three lone pairs? b. two lone pairs? c. one lone pair? d. no lone pairs?

Short answer

We have to draw condensed structures of these compounds:

Now we have to find lone pairs on these structures:

a) Green chlorine atom will contain three lone pairs.

b) The red oxygen atoms contain two lone pair each.

c) The blue nitrogen atom contain one lone pair.

d) The black carbon atoms and grey hydrogen atoms contain no lone pairs.

Step-by-step solution

How to draw lone pairs

1. Lone pair is denoted by two dotes on that atom which contains lone pair.

2. Condensed form is that form in which proper bonding pattern is not shown.

3. Nitrogen has one lone pair.

Oxygen has two lone pairs.

Chlorine has three lone pairs.

Final answer

Nitrogen has one lone pair so lone pair is denoted on nitrogen.

Oxygen has two lone pairs so lone pairs are denoted on oxygen.

Chlorine has three lone pairs so lone pairs are denoted on chlorine

Carbon and hydrogen contain no lone pair.