Question

Give each atom the appropriate formal charge:

Short answer

We have to give each atom appropriate formal charge:

Step-by-step solution

Lewis structure

1. A pair of shared electrons is shown by a line.

2. H- one covalent bond

Halogens- one covalent bond

O- two covalent bonds

N- three covalent bonds

C- four covalent bonds

Explanation final answer

a) Oxygen can form two covalent bonds then by increasing the bond it will get positive charge.

b) Carbon can form four covalent bonds then by decreasing the bond it will get negative charge.

c) Nitrogen can form three covalent bonds then by increasing the bond it will get positive charge.

d) Nitrogen and boron can form three covalent bonds then by increasing the bond it will get positive charge.