Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:

\(\begin{array}{}a.{\rm{ phenyl acetate}}\\b.{\rm{ }}\gamma {\rm{ - caprolactam}}\\c.{\rm{ sodium formate}}\\d.{\rm{ N - benzylethanamide}}\\e.{\rm{ }}\gamma {\rm{ - methylcaproic acid}}\\f.{\rm{ }}\beta {\rm{ - bromobutyramide}}\\g.{\rm{ ethyl 2 - chloropentanoate}}\\h.{\rm{cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride}}\\i.{\rm{ }}\alpha {\rm{ - chlorovaleric acid}}\\\end{array}\)

Short answer

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

Step-by-step solution

Carboxylic acid derivatives

Compounds having carbonyl group other than an aldehyde or ketone are known as carboxylic acid derivatives.

Structure of  phenylacetate

Phenyl acetate is an ester as it has ‘ate’ in the end of name and pheny group is attached to carboxylic oxygen as mentioned first.

The structure of phenyl acetate is:

Phenyl acetate

 Structure of gama-caprolactum

A lactam is a cyclic amide. In -caprolactam the ethyl group is attached to the -carbon atom relative to the carbonyl group. Caprolactam is C₆H₁₁NO .

Structure of gama-Caprolactam :

\(\gamma {\rm{ - caprolactam}}\)

Structure of sodium formate

Sodium formate is salt of carboxylic acid as it has ‘ate’ at the end of the name and the cation name is written in starting of name. Here cation is sodium and the carbon present in chain is 1 as formate is used.

Structure of sodium formate:

Sodium formate

Structure of N-benzylethanamide

Given compound is amide as at the end of name amide is written and it has group where R is benzyl group attached to the nitrogen.

Structure of N-benzylethanamide :

N-benzylethanamide

Structure of gama-methylacproic acid

Given compound is carboxylic acid as it has ‘oic acid’ at the end. methyl indicates that the methyl group is present at carbon relative to the carbonyl group and caproic acid indicate that the carbon chain is six carbon long.

Structure of gama-methylacproic acid :

gama-methylacproic acid

Structure of beta-bromobutyramide

Given compound is amide as end of name amide is mentioned. It has group attached to a four carbon chain as butyl group is mentioned in compound name and indicates presence of bromide at carbon relative to carbonyl group.

Structure of beta-bromobutyramide :

beta-bromobutyramide

Structure of ethyl 2-chloropentanoate

Given compound is ester as at the end of the name ‘ate’ is mentioned. As in ester the group attached to carboxyl group is mentioned first, so here ethyl is attached to carboxyl carbon. Here 2 is mentioned before chloro indicating chlorine is present at carbon adjacent to carbonyl group.

Structure of ethyl 2-chloropentanoate :

ethyl 2-chloropentanoate

 Step 9: Structure of cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride

Given compound is acyl chloride as ‘yl chloride’ is mentioned at the end of the name. As here carbonyl chloride is written so the chain has only one carbon and cyclohexane group is attached to the carbonyl carbon.

Structure of cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride

cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride

Structure of alpha- chlorovaleric acid

Given compound is carboxylic acid as ‘ic acid’ is mentioned at the end of the name. As here valeric acid is written so the chain has five carbon and in name indicate that the chlorine group is present on alpha-carbon which is adjacent to the carbonyl carbon.

Structure ofalpha- chlorovaleric acid:

alpha- chlorovaleric acid