Question

What are the products of the following reactions?

Short answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-step solutionStep 1: Reduction by sodium borohydride (a & b)

Sodium borohydride is a weak reducing agent which can reduce the carbonyl group of aldehyde or ketone but cannot reduce the carbonyl group of carboxyl acid and its derivatives and a carbon-carbon double bond.

Sodium borohydride converts the aldehyde group into primary alcohol and ketone to a secondary alcohol.

a.

Reaction (a)

b.

Reaction (b)

Sodium borohydride cannot reduced the ester group can only reduce the ketone group, and convert cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol.

Catalytic hydrogenation (c)

The addition of hydrogen in presence of metal like palladium can reduce the carbon-carbon double bond but cannot reduce the carbonyl group of aldehyde and ketone.

Reaction(c)

Reduction by Lithium aluminum hydride (d)

Lithium aluminumhydride is a strong reducing agent. It can reduce all double bonds.

Reaction (d)