Question

What orbitals contain the electrons represented as lone pairs in the structures of quinoline, indole, imidazole, purine, and pyrimidine?

Short answer

a) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a single bond hence it is sp³hybridized.

b) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a double bond hence it is sp²hybridized.

c) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a triple bond hence it is sphybridized.

Step-by-step solution

How we determine this

a) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a single bond hence it is sp³hybridized.

b) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a double bond hence it is sp²hybridized.

c) Nitrogen is attached with carbon with a triple bond hence it is sphybridized.

Final answer

Quinoline=

Indole=

Imidazole=

Purine=

Pyrimidine=