Chapter 4: Q32P (page 233)
Propionitrile(
)is deprotonated by very strong bases. Write resonance forms to show the stabilization of the carbanion that results.
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Question: Under base-catalyzed conditions, two molecules of acetone can condense to form diacetone alcohol. At room temperature, aboutof 5%the acetone is converted to diacetone alcohol. Determine the value offor this reaction.
Acetylacetone (pentane -2, 4-dione)reacts with sodium hydroxide to give water and the sodium salt of a carbanion. Write a complete structural formula for the carbanion, and use resonance forms to show the stabilization of the carbanion.
Question: The reaction of tert-butyl chloride with methanol
Is found to follow the rate equation
(a) What is the kinetic order with respect to tert-butyl chloride?
(b)What is the kinetic order with respect to methanol?
(c)What is the kinetic order overall?
When exactly 1 mole of methane is mixed with exactly 1 mole of chlorine and light is shone on the mixture, a chlorination reaction occurs. The products are found to contain substantial amounts of di-, tri-, and tetrachloromethane, as well as unreacted methane.
(a) Explain how a mixture is formed from this stoichiometric mixture of reactants, and propose mechanisms for the formation of these compounds from chloromethane.
(b) How would you run this reaction to get a good conversion of methane toCH3Cl? Of methane to CCl4?
(a) Draw an approximate reaction-energy diagram for the acid-base reaction of phenol (see below) with 1-molar aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
(b) On the same diagram, draw an approximate reaction-energy diagram for the acid-base reaction oftert- butyl alcohol(see below) with 1-molar aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
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