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Chapter 26: Q35P (page 1343)

The polyester named LactomerRis an alternating copolymer of lactic acid and glycolic acid. Lactomer is used for absorbable suture material because stitches of Lactomer hydrolyze slowly over a two-week period and do not have to be removed. The hydrolysis products, lactic acid and glycolic acid, are normal metabolites and do not provoke an inflammatory response. Draw the structure of the Lactomer polymer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Polymers whose repeat units are derived from two or more types of monomers are known as copolymers. Some examples of copolymers are polyesters, bakelite, Buna-S etc.

Step by step solution

01

Copolymers

Polymers whose repeat units are derived from two or more types of monomers are known as copolymers. Some examples of copolymers are polyesters, bakelite, Buna-S etc.

02

Lactomer polyester

It is a copolymer formed from monomers lactic acid and glycolic acid.

03

Structure of lactomer polymer

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the structure of the polyurethane formed by the reaction of toluene diisocyanate

with bisphenol A.

Olestra®is a fat-based fat substitute that became available in snack foods such as potato chips in 1998. Previous fat substitutes were carbohydrate-based or protein-based mixtures that did not give as good a sensation in the mouth and are not suitable for frying. With Olestra®, the glycerol molecule of a fat is replaced by sucrose (p. 1237). In Olestra®, the sucrose molecule has six, seven, or (most commonly) eight fatty acids esterified to its hydroxy groups. The fatty acids come from hydrolysis of vegetable oils such as soybean, corn, palm, coconut, and cottonseed oils. This unnaturally bulky, fat-like molecule does not pass through the intestinal walls, and digestive enzymes cannot get close to the sucrose center to bind it to their active sites. Olestra® passes through the digestive system unchanged, and it provides zero calories.Draw a typical Olestra® molecule, using any fatty acids that are commonly found in vegetable oils.

Poly (vinyl alcohol), a hydrophilic polymer used in aqueous adhesives, is made by polymerizing vinyl acetate and then hydrolyzing the ester linkages.

(a) Give the structures of poly (vinyl acetate) and poly (vinyl alcohol).

(b) Vinyl acetate is an ester. Is poly (vinyl acetate) therefore a polyester? Explain.

(c) We have seen that basic hydrolysis destroys the Dacron polymer. Poly (vinyl acetate) is converted to poly (vinyl alcohol) by a basic hydrolysis of the ester groups. Why doesn’t the hydrolysis destroy the poly (vinyl alcohol) polymer?

(d) Why is poly (vinyl alcohol) made by this circuitous route? Why not just polymerize vinyl alcohol?

Kodel® polyester is formed by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with 1,4-di(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane. Draw the structure of Kodel.

Bisphenol A is made on a large scale by a condensation of phenol with acetone. Suggest an appropriate catalyst, and propose a mechanism for this reaction. (Hint: This is a condensation because three molecules are joined with loss of water. The mechanism belongs to another class of reactions though.)
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