Question

Show how you would accomplish the following synthetic conversions

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Short answer

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Step-by-step solution

(a): Synthetic compound

A compound is synthesized by a chemical reaction rather than arising naturally.These types of compounds have control by humans in any chemical reaction.

Phenol is a cyclic organic compound that contains one hydroxyl group.

Conversion

Phenol reacted with sodium forms an intermediate which in reaction with bromomethyl forms ethyl phenyl ether.

Formation of ethyl phenyl ether

(b) : Toluene

Toluene is an aromatic compound that contains a methyl group attached to the phenyl. It is colourless and used in oil refining, and paints.

Conversion

2 moles of Toluene-2-bromomethyl treated with sodium hydroxide forms respective alcohol. Then treated with 1 equivalent of sodium hypochlorite form aldehyde, then hydrolyzed and treated with sulfuric acid form 1-methyl-2-[2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]benzene.

Formation of 1-methyl-2-[2-(2-methylphenyl) ethyl] benzene

(c): Bromobenzene

Bromobenzene is an aromatic compound that is a colourless liquid and acts as a reagent. Bromine is attached to the benzene. Used as solvent.

Conversion

Bromobenzene was treated with bromo magnesio benzene, then treated with butan-1-al followed by hydrolysis from respective alcohol. Then finally treated with form cyclopentan-1-butanone.

Formation of cyclopentan-1-butanone

(d):Cyclohexan-1-methanol

Cyclohexan-1-methanol is an aromatic compound that contains a methyl alcohol group.

Conversion

Cyclohexan-1-methanol treated with 1 equivalent of form cyclohexan-1-al, which on further reaction with bromo magnesio ethyl form cyclohexan-1-propanol.

Formation of cyclohexan-1-propanol