Question

Show what alcohols and carbonyl compounds give the following derivatives.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Short answer

(a)Generally in presence of base like TsOH this is formed.

(b)This is obtained in presence of H⁺,

(c)This is produced in presence acid catalyst like H⁺,

(d)This is also formed in presence of H⁺,

(e)This is formed in presence of H⁺,

(f) This is results in presence of H⁺,

Fig (6)

Step-by-step solution

Details explanation of reactants

(a)

Ketones and aldehydes react with water to form hydrates, they also react with alcohols to form acetals.

Details explanation of reactants

(b)

Details explanation of reactants 

(c)

In the formation of an acetal, two molecules of alcohol add to the carbonyl group, and one molecule of water is eliminated.

Details explanation of reactants 

(d)

Acid catalysed hydration gives this product.

Details explanation of reactants 

(e)

In the reaction of tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one and cyclohexanol in presence of H⁺, produced this product.

Details explanation of reactant

(f)