Question

Show how you would accomplish the following synthetic transformations. You may use any necessary reagents.$\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{d}\mathbf{\right)}\mathbf{\gamma }\mathbf{-}\mathbf{aminobutyricacid}\to \mathbf{pyrrolidine}$

Short answer

Synthetic transformation for $\mathrm{\gamma }$-aminobutyric acid to pyrrolidine is show as,

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Use of LiAIH4 reagent

${\mathbf{LiAIH}}_4$is a strong reducing agent for polar double bonds, as it easily thought of as a source of ${\text{H}}^{-}$ . It will reduce aldehydes, ketones,esters, carboxylic acid chloride, carboxylic acids and even carboxylate salts to alcohols.

${\mathbf{LiAIH}}_4$is also reduce the amide and nitriles to amine, In above reaction amide is reduce to amine.

Synthesis of pyrrolidine from gamma-aminobutyric acid

In gamma-aminno butyric acid the nitrogen attack on the carbonyl carbon of acid and there is a formation of cyclic amide in the first step and there is removal of water molecule.

In the second step cyclic amide is react with the strong reducing reagent ${\mathbf{LiAIH}}_4{\mathbf{andH}}_2\mathbf{O}$ then there is a formation of amine i.e. pyrrolidine.

Formation of pyrrolidine