Question

Using the table of average bond dissociation enthalpies at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), determine which of the following reactions are energetically favorable at room temperature. Assume that \(\Delta S=0\).

Short answer

Question: Determine if the following general example reactions are energetically favorable at room temperature using the table of average bond dissociation enthalpies, assuming \(\Delta S=0\): 1. Example reaction 1: \(A_2 + B_2 \rightarrow 2AB\) 2. Example reaction 2: \(AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB\) Answer: To determine if the reactions are energetically favorable, compare the total bond dissociation enthalpies of the products and reactants. If the total bond dissociation enthalpy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, the reaction is energetically favorable. For example reaction 1, if 2 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B) < Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-A) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (B-B), it is energetically favorable. For example reaction 2, if Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-D) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-B) < Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-D), it is energetically favorable.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the reactions

The exercise has not provided specific reactions to analyze. However, we can demonstrate the process using general example reactions: 1. Example reaction 1: \(A_2 + B_2 \rightarrow 2AB\) 2. Example reaction 2: \(AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB\)

Calculate the total bond dissociation enthalpies for reactants and products

To calculate the total bond dissociation enthalpies for the reactants and products, we will need to find values in the table of average bond dissociation enthalpies: 1. Example reaction 1: Reactants: - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-A) - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (B-B) Products: - 2 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B) 2. Example reaction 2: Reactants: - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B) - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-D) Products: - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-D) - 1 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-B)

Compare stabilities of reactants and products

For each reaction, compare the total bond dissociation enthalpies of the products and reactants: 1. Example reaction 1: If the total bond dissociation enthalpy of the products (2 * Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B)) is lower than the total bond dissociation enthalpy of the reactants (Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-A) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (B-B)), the reaction is energetically favorable. 2. Example reaction 2: If the total bond dissociation enthalpy of the products (Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-D) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-B)) is lower than the total bond dissociation enthalpy of the reactants (Bond dissociation enthalpy (A-B) + Bond dissociation enthalpy (C-D)), the reaction is energetically favorable.

Determine if reactions are energetically favorable

Based on the comparisons made in Step 3, we can determine if each example reaction is energetically favorable at room temperature. If the conditions mentioned in each example are met, then the reaction is energetically favorable, otherwise, it is not energetically favorable.