Question

Following are structural formulas for 1,4 -dioxane and piperidine. 1,4-Dioxane is a widely used solvent for organic compounds. Piperidine is found in small amounts in black pepper (Piper nigrum).

Short answer

Answer: 1,4-dioxane has a six-membered ring containing four carbon atoms and two oxygen atoms, with a molecular formula C4H8O2. Its structure and polarity make it an excellent solvent for many organic reactions. Piperidine has a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms and a molecular formula C5H11N. It is used mainly as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. Its basicity makes it useful in organic reactions as a catalyst, in the production of rubber, and as a polymerization initiator.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the structural formulas for 1,4-dioxane and piperidine

In this step, examine the structural formulas for 1,4-dioxane and piperidine. Each formula will include multiple elements bonded together to form the molecule.

Describe the structure and features of 1,4-dioxane

1,4-dioxane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C_4H_8O_2. The structure consists of a six-membered ring containing four carbon atoms and two oxygen atoms. The oxygen atoms are in a 1,4-relationship, meaning they are separated by two carbon atoms in the ring. The remaining bonds on the carbon atoms are filled by hydrogen atoms, making the molecule a saturated cyclic ether. The structural formula of 1,4-dioxane can be represented as: \[\ce{-O-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-}\]

Describe the structure and features of piperidine

Piperidine is an organic compound with the molecular formula C_5H_{11}N. The structure consists of six atoms in the ring, five carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. Each carbon atom has two hydrogen atoms bonded to it, and the nitrogen atom has an additional hydrogen atom bonded to it. This makes the molecule a cyclic amine. The structural formula of piperidine can be represented as: \[\ce{(-CH2-)_5{-NH}-}\]

Discuss the uses and properties of 1,4-dioxane

1,4-dioxane is a widely used solvent for organic compounds because it is polar, miscible with both water and organic solvents, and has a relatively low boiling point (101.3 °C). Its structure and polarity make it an excellent solvent for many organic reactions, and it is commonly used in the textile and automotive industries, as well as laboratories.

Discuss the uses and properties of piperidine

Piperidine is found in small amounts in black pepper (Piper nigrum) and has a characteristic peppery taste and odor. It is used mainly as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. Piperidine's basicity makes it useful in organic reactions as a catalyst, in the production of rubber, and as a polymerization initiator. By understanding the structures of 1,4-dioxane and piperidine, we can relate their properties and uses to their molecular structures.