Question

For each IUPAC name, draw the corresponding structural formula and line-angle formula. (a) Ethanol (b) Butanal (c) Butanoic acid (d) Ethanoic acid (e) Heptanoic acid (f) Propanoic acid (g) Octanal (h) Cyclopentene (i) Cyclopentanol (j) Cyclopentanone (k) Cyclohexanol (1) Propanone

Short answer

Draw the line-angle structure of each of the following compounds: (a) Ethanol H H | | H-C-C-O-H | | H H (b) Butanal H H H | | | H-C-C-C-C=O | | | | H H H H (c) Butanoic acid H H H | | | H-C-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | | H H H H (d) Ethanoic acid H H | | H-C-C(=O)-O-H | | H H (e) Heptanoic acid H H H H H H | | | | | | H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | | | | | H H H H H H H (f) Propanoic acid H H H | | | H-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | H H H (g) Octanal H H H H H H H | | | | | | | H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C=O | | | | | | | | H H H H H H H H (h) Cyclopentene H | H-C=C-C-H | | H-C-C-H | H (i) Cyclopentanol H H | | H-C-C-H | | H-C-C-H | O-H (j) Cyclopentanone H | H-C-C-C-H | | H-C-C=O | H (k) Cyclohexanol H H | | H-C-C-H | | H-H-C-H | O-H (1) Propanone H H | | H-C-C-C-H | | H H

Step-by-step solution

(a) Ethanol

Ethanol has the suffix "-ol," indicating it is an alcohol with a two-carbon chain (eth-). The structural formula is CH3CH2OH, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H | | H-C-C-O-H | | H H

(b) Butanal

Butanal has the suffix "-al," indicating it is an aldehyde with a four-carbon chain (but-). The structural formula is CH3CH2CH2CHO, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H H | | | H-C-C-C-C=O | | | | H H H H

(c) Butanoic acid

Butanoic acid has the suffix "-oic acid," indicating it is a carboxylic acid with a four-carbon chain (but-). The structural formula is CH3CH2CH2COOH, and the line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H H | | | H-C-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | | H H H H

(d) Ethanoic acid

Ethanoic acid has the suffix "-oic acid," indicating it is a carboxylic acid with a two-carbon chain (eth-). The structural formula is CH3COOH, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H | | H-C-C(=O)-O-H | | H H

(e) Heptanoic acid

Heptanoic acid has the suffix "-oic acid," indicating it is a carboxylic acid with a seven-carbon chain (hept-). The structural formula is CH3(CH2)5COOH, and the line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H H H H H | | | | | | H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | | | | | H H H H H H H

(f) Propanoic acid

Propanoic acid has the suffix "-oic acid," indicating it is a carboxylic acid with a three-carbon chain (prop-). The structural formula is CH3CH2COOH, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H H | | | H-C-C-C(=O)-O-H | | | H H H

(g) Octanal

Octanal has the suffix "-al," indicating it is an aldehyde with an eight-carbon chain (oct-). The structural formula is CH3(CH2)6CHO, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H H H H H H | | | | | | | H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C=O | | | | | | | | H H H H H H H H

(h) Cyclopentene

Cyclopentene is a cyclic alkene, having a five-membered carbon ring with one double bond. Its structural formula is C5H8, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H | H-C=C-C-H | | H-C-C-H | H

(i) Cyclopentanol

Cyclopentanol is a cyclic alcohol, having a five-membered carbon ring with one hydroxyl group. Its structural formula is C5H10O, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H | | H-C-C-H | | H-C-C-H | O-H

(j) Cyclopentanone

Cyclopentanone is a cyclic ketone, having a five-membered carbon ring with one carbonyl group. Its structural formula is C5H8O, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H | H-C-C-C-H | | H-C-C=O | H

(k) Cyclohexanol

Cyclohexanol is a cyclic alcohol, having a six-membered carbon ring with one hydroxyl group. Its structural formula is C6H12O, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H | | H-C-C-H | | H-H-C-H | O-H

(1) Propanone

Propanone has the suffix "-one," indicating it is a ketone with a three-carbon chain (prop-). The structural formula is CH3COCH3, and its line-angle formula can be drawn as: H H | | H-C-C-C-H | | H H