Question

Draw line-angle formulas for the three constitutional isomers with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\).

Short answer

Question: Draw the line-angle formulas for the three constitutional isomers with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\). Answer: The line-angle formulas for the three constitutional isomers are: 1. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 2. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH(CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) 3. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH(CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\)

Step-by-step solution

Listing Possible Carbon Arrangements

The first step is to list all the possible ways in which the five carbon atoms can be connected. The different arrangements that we can have are: 1. A continuous chain of five carbon atoms: C-C-C-C-C 2. A continuous chain of four carbon atoms with one branch: C-C-C-C(CH3) 3. Two continuous chains of three carbon atoms and one carbon atom: C-C-C(CH2)

Drawing Line-Angle Formulas

Now we draw the line-angle formulas for each arrangement: 1. For the continuous chain of five carbon atoms (C-C-C-C-C): \[\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\] 2. For the continuous chain of four carbon atoms with one branch (C-C-C-C(CH3)): \[\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH}_{2} - \mathrm{CH(CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\] 3. For the two continuous chains of three carbon atoms and one carbon atom (C-C-C(CH2)): \[\mathrm{CH}_{3} - \mathrm{CH(CH}_{3}) - \mathrm{CH}_{3}\] These are the line-angle formulas for the three constitutional isomers with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{12}\).