Question

Draw structural formulas for the three tertiary \(\left(3^{\circ}\right)\) amines with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{13} \mathrm{~N}\).

Short answer

Answer: The structural formulas for the three tertiary amines are: 1. N(CH₃)₃: ``` H | H - N - C - H | H ``` 2. N(C₂H₅)(CH₃)₂: ``` H H | | H - N - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H ``` 3. N(C₃H₇)(CH₃)C₂H₅: ``` H H | | H - N - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H | H - C - H ```

Step-by-step solution

Determine the possible alkyl groups

There are three possible alkyl groups that can be attached to create the tertiary amine with the given molecular formula: methyl (CH3), ethyl (C2H5), and propyl (C3H7).

Combine the alkyl groups to create the tertiary amines

Considering the possible alkyl groups, we can now combine them in all possible ways to create the tertiary amines. There are three possible combinations: 1. N(CH3)3 2. N(C2H5)(CH3)2 3. N(C3H7)(CH3)C2H5

Draw the structural formulas

Now, we can draw the structural formulas for each of the resulting tertiary amines. 1. \[ N(CH_{3})_{3} \] has the nitrogen atom attached to three methyl groups. ``` H | H - N - C - H | H ``` 2. \[ N(C_{2}H_{5})(CH_{3})_{2} \] has the nitrogen atom attached to two methyl groups and one ethyl group. ``` H H | | H - N - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H ``` 3. \[ N(C_{3}H_{7})(CH_{3})C_{2}H_{5} \] has the nitrogen atom attached to one methyl group, one ethyl group, and one propyl group. ``` H H | | H - N - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H ``` ``` H | H - C - H | H | H - C - H ```