Question

Draw structural formulas for (a) The four primary \(\left(1^{\circ}\right)\) amines with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{11} \mathrm{~N}\). (b) The three secondary \(\left(2^{\circ}\right)\) amines with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{11} \mathrm{~N}\). (c) The one tertiary \(\left(3^{\circ}\right)\) amine with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{11} \mathrm{~N}\).

Short answer

Question: Draw the different types of amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary) with the molecular formula C4H11N. Answer: Primary amines: 1. H3C-NH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 2. H3C-NH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 3. H3C-CH2-NH2-CH(CH3)2 4. H3C-NH2-CH2-CH(CH3)2 Secondary amines: 1. H3C-NH-CH2-CH2-CH3 2. H3C-NH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 3. H3C-CH2-NH(CH3)2 Tertiary amine: 1. H3C-N(CH3)2-CH3

Step-by-step solution

Draw the primary amines with C4H11N molecular formula

To draw the structural formulas of the four primary amines, remember that the nitrogen atom will be bonded to only one carbon atom. 1. The first primary amine has nitrogen bonded to a carbon in a straight chain: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{NH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_3\) 2. The second primary amine has nitrogen bonded to a carbon with a branching chain on the second carbon atom: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{NH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3) - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_3\) 3. The third primary amine has nitrogen bonded to a carbon with a branching chain on the third carbon atom: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{NH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3)_2\) 4. The fourth primary amine has nitrogen bonded to a carbon in a straight chain with a branching on the second carbon atom: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{NH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3)_2\)

Draw the secondary amines with C4H11N molecular formula

Next, draw the structural formulas for the three secondary amines. Remember that the nitrogen atom in secondary amines is bonded to two carbon atoms. 1. The first secondary amine has nitrogen bonded to two carbon atoms in a straight chain: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{NH} \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_3\) 2. The second secondary amine has nitrogen bonded to two carbon atoms with branching on the second carbon atom: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{NH} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3) - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_3\) 3. The third secondary amine has nitrogen bonded to two carbon atoms with branching on the third carbon atom: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{CH}_2 \! - \! \mathrm{NH} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3)_2\)

Draw the tertiary amine with C4H11N molecular formula

Finally, draw the structural formula for the one tertiary amine with the given molecular formula. Remember that the nitrogen atom in tertiary amines is bonded to three carbon atoms. 1. The one tertiary amine has nitrogen bonded to three carbon atoms in a branched arrangement: \(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C} \! - \! \mathrm{N} \! ( \mathrm{CH}_3)_2 - \! \mathrm{CH}_3\)