Question

Draw condensed structural formulas for the three ketones with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\).

Short answer

Question: Draw the condensed structural formulas for the three ketones with the molecular formula C5H10O. Answer: The condensed structural formulas for the three ketones are as follows: Ketone 1 (C2): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}CH_{2}C(O)CH_{2}CH_{3}}\) Ketone 2 (C3): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}C(O)CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}}\) Ketone 3 (C4): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}CH_{2}C(O)CH_{3}CH_{3}}\)

Step-by-step solution

Identify the components of the ketone structure

A ketone has a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to two carbon atoms. In this case, we're working with a 5-carbon chain, so we'll need to place the carbonyl group within this chain.

Place the carbonyl group in different positions

The carbonyl group can be placed at three different positions in the 5-carbon chain. It cannot be placed at either end of the chain, because then it would be an aldehyde, not a ketone. Position 1: Between the second and third carbon atoms (C2) Position 2: Between the third and fourth carbon atoms (C3) Position 3: Between the fourth and fifth carbon atoms (C4)

Draw the condensed structural formulas for each ketone

For each position of the carbonyl group, draw the structural formula for that ketone: Ketone 1 (C2): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}CH_{2}C(O)CH_{2}CH_{3}}\) Ketone 2 (C3): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}C(O)CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}}\) Ketone 3 (C4): \(\mathrm{CH_{3}CH_{2}C(O)CH_{3}CH_{3}}\) Now, we have the condensed structural formulas for the three ketones with the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\).