Question

Question: Draw all reasonable resonance structures for each species.

$$\begin{gathered} \mathbf{a}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{3}}}^{\mathbf{-}} \\ \mathbf{b}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}{{\mathbf{NO}}_{\mathbf{3}}}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{(}\mathbf{a}\mathbf{}\mathbf{central}\mathbf{}\mathbf{N}\mathbf{}\mathbf{atom}\mathbf{)} \\ \mathbf{c}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}{{\mathbf{N}}_{\mathbf{3}}}^{\mathbf{-}} \end{gathered}$$

d.

e.

Short answer

Answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step Solution Step 1: Resonance structures

Resonance structures are contrasting in the position of double bonds and lone pairs of electrons. The position of the elements is unaltered.

The position of multiple bonds and lone pairs

The electrons move in the direction of multiple bonds, and the double bond also moves in the same direction. The lone pair's movement creates a double bond, and the movement of the double bond creates the electron density.

Resonance structures of the compounds

a. Ozone has two resonance structures. The position of multiple bonds and hence the lone pairs are interchanged to obtain the two resonance structures.

Representation of two resonance structures

b. ${{\mathrm{NO}}_3}^{-}$has three resonance structures. The position of multiple bonds and hence the lone pairs are interchanged to obtain the three resonance structures.

Representation of three resonance structures

c. ${{\mathrm{N}}_3}^{-}$has three resonance structures.

Representation of three resonance structures

e. Three resonance structures are obtained for the given compound.

Representation of three resonance structures