Question

Question: How are the molecules or ions in each pair related? Classify them as resonance structures, isomers, or neither.

a. and

b. and

c. and

d. and

Short answer

Answer

a. The molecules given in this pair are isomers.

b. The molecules given in this pair are isomers.

c. The molecules given in this pair are resonance structures.

d. The molecules given in this pair are neither isomers nor resonance structures

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Comparison of resonance structures with the isomers

Resonance structures represent a theoretical concept that is utilized to explain the properties of a particular molecule.

Isomers are considered to be real when compared to resonance structures, which denote a theoretical concept.

Comparison of compounds in question a

a. The compounds given in this question are shown below:

and

The structures shown above possess the same molecular formula${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_8\mathrm{O}$, but the arrangement of atoms is different in the case of both compounds. Hence, these structures are regarded as isomers.

b. The compounds given in this question are shown below:

and

The molecular formula of both the compounds is${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_8\mathrm{O}$ , but the arrangement of atoms is different in both the compounds. The first compound is a cycloalkane, whereas the second compound is an alkene. Hence, these structures are isomers.

c. The compounds given in this question are given below:

and

The compounds given in this question are resonance structures as they are obtained due to the delocalization of electrons. The arrangement of electrons is different in both compounds. However, the position of atoms is the same in both compounds.

The resonance structures of the compounds are given below:

Representation of resonance structure

Hence, the compounds given are resonance structures of each other.

Comparison of compounds in question d

The compounds given in this question are shown below:

and

The carbanion of propane is acquired when a proton is removed from propane. The number of atoms is different in both compounds. Hence, both the compounds are neither resonance structures nor isomers.