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Question: How many hydrogen atoms are present around each highlighted carbon atom in the following molecules? What is the molecular formula for each molecule? Both compounds are active ingredients in some common sunscreens.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

In Octinoxate, the number of hydrogen atoms present on the highlighted carbon atoms from left to right is 3,0,1, and 1, respectively.

In Avobenzone, the number of hydrogen atoms present on the highlighted carbon atoms from left to right is 1,0,0, and 3, respectively

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-step Solution Step 1: Represent the hydrogen atoms in the structure of Octinoxate

The carbon atom is tetravalent and can form bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The hydrogen atoms are assigned to each carbon such that the valency of each carbon atom is satisfied.

Structure of Octinoxate

The number of hydrogen atoms surrounding the highlighted carbon atoms is as follows:

  • C-1 is attached with three hydrogen atoms.
  • C-2 is not bonded to any hydrogen atom.
  • C-3 is attached with one hydrogen atom.
  • C-4 is attached with one hydrogen atom.
02

Determine the molecular formula of the given molecule

The molecular formula represents the number of each atom present in a molecule. The number of each atom that comprises the compound is denoted as a subscript to its chemical symbol.

Octinoxate contains eighteen carbon, twenty-six hydrogen, and three oxygen atoms. Therefore, the molecular formula of octinoxate is C18H26O3.

03

Represent the hydrogen atoms in the structure of Avobenzone

Structure of Avobenzone

The number of hydrogen atoms surrounding the highlighted carbon atoms is as follows:

  • C-1 is attached with one hydrogen atom.
  • C-2 is not attached to any hydrogen atom.
  • C-3 is not attached to any hydrogen atom.
  • C-4 is attached with three hydrogen atoms.
04

Determine the molecular formula of Avobenzone

Avobenzone is made up of twenty carbon atoms, twenty-two hydrogen atoms, and three oxygen atoms. Therefore, the molecular formula of Avobenzone isC20H22O3.

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