Question

Question: Rank the compounds in each group in order of increasing boiling point.

a.

b.

Short answer

Answer

a. The compounds can be arranged in the increasing order of boiling points as follows:

b. The arrangement of the compounds in the increasing order of boiling points is given below:

Step-by-step solution

Boiling point

The carbon-carbon chain length can lead to a variation in the boiling point of a specific substance. Branched alkanes possess lower boiling points when compared to unbranched alkanes.

Increasing order of boiling points of compounds in question a

a. The intermolecular forces influence the boiling point of a particular substance. A substance having greater intermolecular forces will have a greater boiling point.

The intermolecular forces can be arranged in the increasing order as given below:

$Vanderwalls<dipole-dipole<hydrogenbonding$

The boiling points can be arranged in the increasing order as given below:

$Vanderwalls<dipole-dipole<hydrogenbonding$

The boiling points increase with an increase in surface area. Hence, branched-chain alkanes will have a lower boiling point in comparison to straight-chain alkanes.

The compounds can be arranged in the increasing order of boiling points as follows:

Increasing order of boiling points of compounds in question a

Increasing order of boiling points of compounds in question b

Intermolecular forces are the forces that have an important role in deciding the boiling point of various compounds. The only interaction found in cyclopentane is Vander Waals forces.

The interactions present in tetrahydrofuran include Vander Waals forces and dipole-dipole interactions. The interactions in cyclobutanol are Vander Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions.

Hydrogen bonding, which is the strongest intermolecular force, is present in cyclobutanol. Hence, cyclobutanol will have the greatest boiling point. The arrangement of compounds in the increasing order of boiling points can be given as follows:

Increasing order of boiling points of compounds in question b