Question

Question: Classify each alkyl halide and alcohol as ${\mathbf{1}}^{\mathbf{0}}$,${\mathbf{2}}^{\mathbf{0}}$or ${\mathbf{3}}^{\mathbf{0}}$.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Short answer

Answer

1. $1^0$alcohol.
2. $3^0$alkyl halide.
3. $1^0$alcohol and alkyl halide.
4. $2^0$alcohol.

Step-by-step solution

Classification of carbon atoms in a compound

The classification of carbon atoms into $1^0$,$2^0$, $3^0$carbons are as follows:

• The $1^0$carbon or primary carbon is only attached to one carbon.
• The $2^0$ carbon or secondary carbon is attached to the two carbon atoms.
• The $3^0$ carbon or tertiary is attached to the three carbon atoms.

The only $s{p}^3$ hybridized carbon atom can have the above classification.

Alcohols 

The -OH functional group represents the alcohol compounds.

• If the OH group is attached to$1^0$ carbon, then the compound is known as primary alcohol.
• If the OH group is attached to$2^0$carbon, then the compound is known as secondary alcohol.
• If the OH group is attached to$3^0$carbon, then the compound is known as tertiary alcohol.

Alkyl halide 

The alkyl halide is also known as haloalkane. The halide or halo represents the halogens, and alkyl, or alkane, represents the carbon compounds such as methyl, ethyl.

Explanation 

a. The hydroxyl group is attached with $1^0$ carbon. Therefore, the given alcohol is $1^0$alcohol.

Representation of $1^0$alcohol

b.The fluorine group is attached with $3^0$carbon. Therefore, the given alkyl halide is $3^0$alkyl halide.

Representation of $3^0$ alkyl halide

c. The OH group is attached with $1^0$ carbon. Therefore, the given alcohol is $1^0$alcohol. The Br group is linked with $1^0$ carbon. Therefore, the given molecule is $1^0$alkyl halide.

Representation of $1^0$ alcohol and alkyl halide

d. The OH group is attached with $3^0$carbon. Therefore, the given alcohol is $3^0$alcohol.

Representation of $3^0$ alcohol