Question

Draw the products of each reduction reaction.

Short answer

The products of each reduction reaction are shown below: -

Step-by-step solution

Metal hydrides

Metal hydrides such as ${\mathbf{NaBH}}_{\mathbf{4}\mathbf{}}\mathbf{and}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{LiAIH}}_{\mathbf{4}}$are powerful reducing agents that reduce an aldehyde into primary alcohol and a ketone into secondary alcohol.

${\mathrm{LiAIH}}_4$is more powerful than${\mathrm{NaBH}}_4$ . It can also reduce other powerful functional groups like carboxylic acid and its derivatives into alcohols.

In the case of$\mathrm{LiAIH}{\left[\mathrm{OC}{\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right)}_3\right]}_3$ , as the electron-withdrawing groups are attached with aluminum, the reducing nature gets decreased and the reaction occurs only at the aldehyde stage.

Function of metal hydrides

The functions of the metal hydrides are shown below:-

Mechanism of the reducing action of metal hydrides

The M-H is polar, and the hydride present in M-H acts as a nucleophile. As a result, it can readily attack the carbonyl carbon center to yield alcohol.

Representation of the mechanism of M-H