Question

Question: Give the structure corresponding to each name.

1. cyclohexyl propanoate
2. cyclohexanecarboxamide
3. 4-methylheptanenitrile
4. vinyl acetate
5. benzoic propanoic anhydride
6. 3-methylhexanoyl chloride
7. octyl butanoate
8. N,N-dibenzylformamide

Short answer

Answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Deducing structure of a compound from its IUPAC name

The IUPAC name of a compound describes the structure of a compound, focusing on the number of atoms constituting the compound, their respective positions, and bonding.

Structure of the compounds a, b, c, and d

a. cyclohexyl propanoate

The name propanoate suggests that the compound consists of an ester group that contains three carbon atoms.

The oxygen atom of the ester group is connected to the cyclohexyl group.

cyclohexyl propanoate

b. cyclohexanecarboxamide

As the name suggests, the compound consists of a cyclohexane ring connected to a carboxamide $\left(-{\mathrm{CONH}}_2\right)$ group.

cyclohexanecarboxamide

c. 4-methylheptanenitrile

The compound comprises a seven-carbon chain consisting of a nitrile group.

The fourth carbon consists of a methyl substituent.

4-methylheptanenitrile

d. vinyl acetate

The name suggests that the compound is an ester (acetate: ester in which the carbonyl carbon is connected to a methyl group) in which a vinyl group is attached to the oxygen atom.

vinyl acetate

e. benzoic propanoic anhydride

The compound is an anhydride. The oxygen atom of the anhydride is bonded to a benzoic (benzene ring connected to a carbonyl group) and a propanoic (ethyl chain connected to a carbonyl group) group.

benzoic propanoic anhydride

f. 3-methylhexanoyl chloride

The compound is an acid chloride consisting of six carbon atoms.

The third carbon contains a methyl substituent.

3-methylhexanoyl chloride

g. octyl butanoate

The compound is an ester.

An octyl chain (an alkyl chain consisting of eight carbon atoms) is connected to the oxygen atom, and a propyl (an alkyl group consisting of three carbon atoms) is connected to the carbonyl carbon

octyl butanoate

h. N,N-dibenzylformamide

The compound consists of two benzyl groups connected to the nitrogen atom of an amide that comprises only one carbon atom (the carbonyl carbon).

N,N-dibenzylformamide