Question

Question: Draw the products of each reaction.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Short answer

Answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step Solution  Step 1: Fischer-esterification

Carboxylic acids react with alcohol in the presence of acids to form the corresponding ester. This reaction is known as the Fischer-esterification reaction.

It’s a two-step reaction involving the addition of nucleophiles and the elimination of leaving groups.

Reaction of carboxylic acid

a. Carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in an acidic medium to form an ester.

Reaction with alcohol

b. Carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in an acidic medium to form an ester.

Reaction with alcohol

c. NaOCH₃ acts as a base and abstracts the acidic proton to form the corresponding sodium salt.

Reaction with base

d. Acid and alcohol are present in the same molecule. Therefore, intramolecular cyclization will occur in the acidic medium to form cyclic ester (lactone).

Formation of cyclic ester