Question

Question: Draw the products of each acid-base reaction, and using the ${\mathbf{pk}}_{\mathbf{a}}$table in Appendix A, determine if equilibrium favors the reactants or products.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Short answer

Answer

1. The equilibrium favors the reactants.
2. The equilibrium favors the products.
3. The equilibrium favors the products.
4. An equal amount of reactants and products are formed, as the ${\mathrm{pk}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ of both are equal.

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Direction of equilibrium

An equilibrium favors the reactants or products depending on their stability.

An equilibrium proceeds in the direction of stable species (either the reactants or products).

pka and stability

${\mathbf{pk}}_{\mathbf{a}}$ values indicate the stability of an acid.

The acids with higher ${\mathrm{pk}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ are more stable than the ones with lower .

Direction of equilibrium in the given reactions

Equilibrium favors the species with higher${\mathrm{pk}}_{\mathrm{a}}$ .

a.

The direction of equilibrium in reaction a

The equilibrium favors the reactants.

b.

The direction of equilibrium in reaction b

The equilibrium favors the products.

c.

The direction of equilibrium in reaction c

The equilibrium favors the products.

d.

The direction of equilibrium in reaction d

An equal amount of reactants and products are formed as the ${\mathrm{pk}}_{\mathrm{a}}$of both are equal.