Question

Question: Answer each question for A and B depicted in the ball-and-stick models.

1. What is the IUPAC name for each compound?
2. What product is formed when each compound is treated with NaOH?
3. Name the products formed in part (b).
4. Draw the structure of an isomer that is at least times less acidic than each compound.

Short answer

Answer

1. The IUPAC name of A is 2,5-dimethyl hexanoic acid, and that of B is 3-ethyl-3-methyl cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.
2. 

1. Given in b

1. Isomer of A:

Isomer of B:

Step-by-step solution

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Ball and stick model

The molecular model that represents the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule is named the ball-and-stick model.

In the ball-and-stick model, the balls represent the atoms, and the sticks represent the chemical bonds.

IUPAC name of the given compound

The skeletal structure of compound A is provided below.

Skeletal structure of compound A

The longest chain consists of six carbon atoms, and hence, the parent chain is hexane.

The functional group gets the highest priority, so the numbering should start from the COOH group.

The second carbon and the fifth carbon contain methyl groups as substituents.

Thus, the IUPAC name of compound A is 2,5-dimethyl hexanoic acid.

The skeletal structure of compound B is provided below.

The given compound consists of a cyclohexane ring.

The numbering should start from the COOH group as the functional group gets the priority.

has methyl and ethyl groups as substituents.

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound is 3-ethyl-3-methyl cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.

Reaction of the given compounds with NaOH

The reaction of compound A with NaOH is shown below:

Reaction of A with NaOH

Reaction of B with NaOH

Isomers of the given compounds

Isomer of compound A

The isomer of compound B that is less acidic than B is given below:

Alcohols have lower acidity than carboxylic acids.

The isomer of compound A that is less acidic than A is given below:

Isomer of compound A

The isomer of compound B that is less acidic than B is given below:

Isomer of compound B