Question

What starting materials are needed to prepare each compound using a Heck reaction?

Short answer

Answer

a.

b.

c.

Step-by-step solution

Heck Reaction

The Heck reaction is a cross-coupling reaction involving a vinyl or aryl halide with an unsaturated compound, catalyzed by palladium (II) acetate$\left(\mathrm{Pd}{\left(\mathrm{OAc}\right)}_2\right)$in the presence of a base such as triethyl amine $\left({\mathrm{Et}}_{3}N\right)$and triaryl phosphine $\left(P{\left(o-\mathrm{tolyl}\right)}_3\right)$to form a highly substituted alkene.

Substrates

The following substrates are involved in the given set of reactions:

a.

Starting materials required to prepare a.

b.

Starting materials required to prepare b.

c.

Starting materials required to prepare c.