Question

Question: Identify the nucleophile and leaving group and draw the products of each substitution reaction.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Short answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

Step-by-step solution

Nucleophilic substitution reaction 

In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, the attack of the nucleophile and the exit of the leaving group occur simultaneously.

Reaction of a. and b.

a. The complete reaction is shown below:

Attack of the nucleophile on electrophile

In the above reaction, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon atom of 3-bromopentane. It is followed by the removal of the bromine ion (leaving group), which forms 3-ethoxypentane.

b. The complete reaction is shown below:

Attack of the nucleophile on electrophile

In the above reaction, the negative charge on the hydroxyl ion attacks the electrophilic carbon atom of chlorocyclohexane. It is followed by the removal of the chlorine ion (leaving group) to form cyclohexanol.

Reaction of c. and d.

c. The complete reaction is shown below:

Attack of the nucleophile on electrophile

In the above reaction, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon atom of 21-iodobutane. It is followed by the removal of the iodide ion (leaving group) to form 1-azidobutane.

d. The complete reaction is shown below:

Attack of the nucleophile on electrophile

In the above reaction, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon atom of bromocyclohexane. Thereafter, the removal of the bromine ion (leaving group) takes place to form cyclohexanecarbonitrile