Question

Question: Give the IUPAC name for each of the five constitutional isomers of molecular formula ${\mathit{C}}_{\mathbf{6}}{\mathit{H}}_{\mathbf{14}}$ in Problem 4.3.

Short answer

Answer

• Hexane
• 2-methylpentane
• 3-methylpentane
• 2,2-dimethylbutane
• 2,3-dimethylbutane

Step-by-step solution

IUPAC naming 

Rules for IUPAC naming:

• The longest chain of carbon atoms is selected.
• The counting is started from the carbon with maximum substitution.
• The functional groups are given the highest priority.

Isomers of  C6H14

The isomers of the given compound are represented below:

Isomers of $C_6{H}_{14}$

Explanation

• The IUPAC name of the first isomer is hexane as it has a linear chain.

• The IUPAC name of the second isomer is 2-methylpentane as it has a chain of five carbons with a methyl group at the second position.

• The IUPAC name of the third isomer is 3-methylpentane as it has a chain of five carbons with a methyl group at the third position.

• The IUPAC name of the fourth isomer is 2,2-dimethylbutane as it has a chain of four carbons with two methyl groups at the second position.

• The IUPAC name of the fifth isomer is 2,3-dimethylbutane as it has a chain of four carbons and two methyl groups at the second and third positions.