Question

Draw the products formed from the acid–base reaction of KOH with each compound.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Short answer

Acids and bases undergo neutralization to give salt and water.

Step-by-step solution

Acid-Base reaction

Acids and bases undergo neutralization to give salt and water.

Proton transfer or Proton abstraction

The anionic part $\text{(}{}^{-}\text{OH)}$ in the base reacts with the cationic part ${\text{(H}}^{+}\text{)}$ in the acid to form water. This step is called the proton abstraction.

The remaining counter ions of the acid and the base then react together to form a salt.

Acid-base reaction of the compounds

The $\text{(}{}^{-}\text{OH)}$in the base (KOH) gives its lone pair of electrons to the –H atom in the given compound, which donates its bonded electron density to the compound. Hence, the proton from the acid is transferred to the base in the proton abstraction step. The products formed are salt and water of the respective compounds.

a.

The products are mentioned below:

Reaction of a. with KOH

b.

The products are mentioned below:

Reaction of b. with KOH

c.

The products are mentioned below:

Reaction of c. with KOH

d.

The products are mentioned below:

Reaction of d. with KOH